Ubuntu: Real-time Kernel

Referencias:

• https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UbuntuStudioPreparation
• http://devlinuxbr.codigolivre.org.br/
  

Ubuntu: Sound Recording

Referencias:

• http://www.oreillynet.com/onlamp/blog/2005/07/linux_and_audio_production_sim.html
• http://ardour.org/
• http://wired.sourceforge.net/
• http://www.rosegardenmusic.com/
• http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=547971&page=2
• http://clipmarks.com/clipmark/3547D7B4-2084-4C3F-A733-9EB3351F8FC4/
  
  

Ubuntu: Propellerhead Reason 4

Referencias:

• http://www.commentcamarche.net/forum/affich-2516087-reason-properllerhead-sous-linux
• http://linuxrevolution.blogspot.com/2006/09/wine-10-in-early-2007.html
• http://appdb.winehq.org/appview.php?versionId=2940
  

Ubuntu: imágenes UIF

Referencias:

• http://onubuntu.blogspot.com/2007/11/dealing-with-uif-files.html

Cito la referencia:

"

Just got my hands on a CD image in UIF format. Why can't people just use standard formats? Oh well, no matter. Thanks to Wine & MagicISO, I can still get what I want :-D

First, install the wine package that's available from the repositories:

~$ sudo apt-get install wine

Next, get MagicISO installer from the site and install it using wine

~$ wine Setup_MagicISO.exe

Finally, double click the newly created icon on your desktop to startup MagicISO. Go to Tools->Decompress UIF image... and choose the UIF file in question for source. MagicISO automatically suggests a name for destination. I went with it but you can change it if you want.

Click on the button that says decompress, then just wait for the operation to finish. You now have a nice standard ISO file that you can burn onto CD.

"

Ubuntu: Themes y Icon Themes

Referencias:

• http://linux.maxblog.eu/?p=6819
• http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=514359
  

Ubuntu: Instalar AWN (Avant Window Manager)

Referencias:

• http://kernel666.wordpress.com/2007/10/29/instalar-awn-en-gutsy-gibbon/

Ubuntu: Instalar Emerald

Referencias:

• http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?p=3830422
  

Ubuntu: Gusty Gibbons, instalar compiz fussion y Plugins adicionales

Referencias:

• http://forlong.blogage.de/article/2007/8/29/How-to-set-up-Compiz-Fusion
• http://www.howtoforge.com/compiz-fusion-ubuntu-gutsy-gibbon-nvidia-geforce-fx-5200
  

1. Habilitar los drivers propietarios para la tarjeta gráfica: System Administration Restricted Drivers Manager
2. Instalar Compiz Config Settings Manager, compiz fusion y emerald: sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager emerald gnome-compiz-manager
   

Para instalar los plugins adicionales seguir los pasos en la siguiente referencia:

• http://forum.compiz-fusion.org/showthread.php?t=5616

Ubuntu: controlar la velocidad del Fan

Referencias:

• http://ubuntuguide.org/wiki/Ubuntu_Edgy#How_to_control_fan_speed_.28lm-sensors.29
• https://help.ubuntu.com/community/SensorInstallHowto
  

Azureus: magnet links

Referencias:

• http://coladevelo.blogspot.com/2006/10/magnet-links-de-azureus-para-firefox.html

Solución:
cito al blog de Jack (según la referencia):

1. En la barra de direcciones de Firefox introducir :
about:config
2. Boton derecho del raton y seleccionar New String y en el cuadro que sale introducir:
network.protocol-handler.external.magnet
Luego:
/usr/bin/azureus

3. Otra vez el boton derecho y añadir New Boolean e introducir:
network.protocol-handler.external.magnet

Azureus: se cierra inesperadamente en Ubuntu

Si azureus se cierra inesperadamente en Ubuntu, seguir las instrucciones propuestas en la siguiente referencia:

Referencia

• http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=219369&page=3

Cito a Solución propuesta en la referencia:

"
This worked for me, let see if this is useful for anyone else, as mini How-To:

1.Install azureus from the synaptics packages (this will ensure a tidy installation, with correct directories and entries).
2.Download the latest azureus release from http://azureus.sourceforge.net/download.php, it should be a tar.bz file.
3.Open the tar.baz file with file roller, extract the contents to a temporary directory (there is just one archived directory: /azureus
4.Make a backup copy of the Azureus2.jar (just in case!):

Code:

$ sudo cp /usr/share/java/Azureus2.jar /usr/share/java/Azureus2.jar_backup

5.Copy the new azureus jar file to that destination, from your temporary directory. This will update your main application file:

Code:

$ cd /temporarydirectory/azureus
$ sudo cp -rv Azureus2.jar /usr/share/java/

6.Copy the complete content of the /azureus directory (from the temporary location) to .azureus directory in your home. This will complete the azureus installation, because there are some libraries azureus need to run properly and update in the future. You can use the file manager (nautilus) to do that, because you don't need root privilegies to copy to the .azureus dir in your home. (If you cannot see the .azureus dir, press Ctrl+H in the file manager to reveal hidden files)

"

Java: suma en punto flotante

Referencias:

• http://bugs.sun.com/bugdatabase/view_bug.do?bug_id=4497156

Solución:
para cálculos que requieren de precisión exacta, como ser casos en aplicaciones bancarias o matemáticas, utilizar BigDecimals, junto con MathContext que determinen la cantidad de números exactos después de la coma.

Sony: instalar la webcam y el mic en Ubuntu

WebCam Referencias:

• https://answers.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+question/7167
  

Mic Referencias:

• https://answers.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/alsa-driver/+question/7078
  

Ubuntu: como usar bluetooth

Referencias:

• http://ubuntulife.net/wordpress/?p=1270
  

Ubuntu: instalar compiz fussion

Primero que nada actualizar el sistema

1. sudo apt-get update
2. sudo apt-get upgrade
3. sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

Luego:

• http://ubuntuforums.org/archive/index.php/t-488385.html
• https://help.ubuntu.com/community/CompositeManager/CompizFusion

Tip: con la ATI Radeon se precisa instalar el servidor XGL

Más Referencias:

• http://www.elblogdemaverick.com/?p=200
• http://www.hachemuda.com/2007/06/20/instalar-compcomm-beryl-compiz-en-ubuntu-linux/

VirtualBox y VMWare: convertir multiples vmdk a vdi

Referencias:

• http://thedarkmaster.wordpress.com/2007/03/12/vmware-virtual-machine-to-virtual-box-conversion-how-to/

For multiple vmdk files, install the VMware Server then use:
vmware-vdiskmanager -r source_multiples.vmdk -t 2 single_file.vmdk
Now you have on single vmdk.

VirtualBox y VMWare: convertir un vmdk a vdi

Referencias:

• http://vbox.innotek.de/pipermail/vbox-users/2007-April/001497.html
• http://adoldo.wordpress.com/2007/03/22/da-vmware-a-virtualbox-virtuale-open-source-e-meglio/

Cito

"

1. $ sudo apt-get install qemu
2. $ wget http://www.virtualbox.org/download/testcase/vditool
3. $ chmod +x vditool$ mv vditool /usr/local/bin/$ qemu-img convert -f vmdk /var/lib/vmware/Virtual\Machines/MCNLive/MCNLive.vmdk -O raw MCNLive.img
4. $ vditool DD MCNLive.vdi MCNLive.img
5. $ mv MCNLive.vdi .VirtualBox/VDI/
6. On this article the compact step left:
7. $ vditool SHRINK VirtualBox/VDI/MCNLive.vdi

This is necessary if your VMWare uses a 10 GB dynamic disks, but justhas 2 GB used. After qemu conversion, your image will be 10 GB.I use this steps once to convert a VMWare appliance to VirtualBox.

"

Java: convertir un double a int

Referencias:

• http://forum.java.sun.com/thread.jspa?threadID=609720
  

Para convertir un double a int, redondeando siempre hacia abajo, hacer lo siguiente:

• int d = (int) x;

o bien

• int d = (int) Math.floor(x);

Por ejemplo, si x fuese 2.75, con este método, d pasaría a valer 2. Podemos pensarlo como que se quitan los dígitos decimales.

VirtualBox: habilitar los puertos USB

Referencias:

• http://paulsiu.wordpress.com/2007/11/20/tips-on-running-innotek-virtualbox/
• https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/virtualbox/+bug/151585
  

Pasos a seguir, cito y corrigo en bold al blog:

"

There are two issues:

1. When you click attempt to open the settings on a virtual machine, you get the following error:
   
Could not load the Host USB Proxy Service (VERR_FILE_NOT_FOUND). The service might be not installed on the host computer.

   The cause of this problem is that usbfs is not turned on in Ubuntu. To fix this, you need to edit the file /etc/init.d/mountdevsubfs.sh (remember to use sudo). Search and uncomment all of the code lines:
   
#
# Magic to make /proc/bus/usb work
#
#mkdir -p /dev/bus/usb/.usbfs
#domount usbfs “” /dev/bus/usb/.usbfs -obusmode=0700,devmode=0600,listmode=0644
#ln -s .usbfs/devices /dev/bus/usb/devices
#mount –rbind /dev/bus/usb /proc/bus/usb
2. Unfortunately, this does not solve the problem entirely. When I attempt to access the USB from the guest, I get the following error message.
   
Failed to attach the USB device

   Even though you enabled usbfs, the user do not have permission to use USB. You can set up a rule to give each user access. Because everyone who use Virtualbox has to be in the group vboxusers. The easiest way to give every Virtualbox user access would be to give vboxusers access. Sudo edit the file /etc/udev/rules.d/40-permissions.rules, locate the following line:
   
# USB devices (usbfs replacement)
SUBSYSTEM==”usb_device”, MODE=”0664″
   Change the line to:
   
# USB devices (usbfs replacement)
SUBSYSTEM==”usb_device”, GROUP=”vboxusers”, MODE=”0664″

"

Ubuntu: setear la variable de entorno HTTP_PROXY

Referencias:

• http://mbledug.com/blog/blog/blog/
• http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=61642
  

Solución:

• set HTTP_PROXY=http://proxy-server.tld

Opcionales:

• set HTTP_PROXY_USER=username

• set HTTP_PROXY_PASS=password

Ubuntu: Install Pidgin

Para instalar pidgin seguir este tutorial genial:

• http://jhcore.com/2007/06/04/install-pidgin-in-ubuntu/

Básicamente dice que hay que instalar las siguientes librerías para poder instalar pidgin:

• sudo apt-get install libgtk2.0-dev libxml2-dev gettext libnss-dev libnspr-dev

Ubuntu: "You must have the GLib 2.0 development headers installed to build."

Problema:

• "You must have the GLib 2.0 development headers installed to build."
  

Solución

• sudo apt-get install libgtk2.0-dev
  
  

Ubuntu: gcc "configure: error: C compiler cannot create executables"

Para el problema:

• "configure: error: C compiler cannot create executables"

Solución:

• sudo apt-get install build-essential
  
  

Linux: para Palms

• http://www.ubuntu-es.org/index.php?q=node/47724#comment-155164
• http://www.engadget.com/2006/02/06/linux-on-treo-650-gets-real/

Linux: diversas guias

Distintas guias que ayudan al usuario avanzado de linux

• http://tldp.org/guides.html
  

Ubuntu: Como crear un servicio

• http://www.ubuntu-es.org/node/13012

Ubuntu: cambiar el hostname

Referencias

• http://www.ducea.com/2006/08/07/how-to-change-the-hostname-of-a-linux-system/

Para cambiar el hostname en ubuntu existen dos alternativas:

Cambiarlo temporalmente

hostname NEW_NAME

Cambiarlo permanentemente

1. Editar el archivo:

      /etc/hostname

2. poner un hostname deseado
martin-laptop

3. reiniciar el servicio de hostname
/etc/init.d/hostname.sh start




VirtualBox: clonar un hard drive VDI

El comando para clonar una VDI es el siguiente:

Synopsis:

VBoxManage clonevdi fullPathOrigen.vdi fullPathDestinto.vdi

Ejemplo concreto:
VBoxManage clonevdi /home/martin/.VirtualBox/VDI/ubuntuP2P-MPI-Rendevouz/ubuntuP2P-MPI-Rendevouz-HardDrive.vdi /home/martin/.VirtualBox/VDI/ubuntuP2P-MPI-Peer/ubuntuP2P-MPI-Peer-HardDrive.vdi

Nota: se deben espcificar paths enteros a las imagenes origen y destino

Java: determinar si un String contiene un Substring

• http://www.exampledepot.com/egs/java.lang/HasSubstr.html
  

Javadoc: como escribir documentación para javadoc

Tutorial de Sun con guías respecto a como crear documentación para javadoc.

• http://java.sun.com/j2se/javadoc/writingdoccomments/
  

Bash: programación

Referencias para programacion bash.
Basico

• http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Bash-Prog-Intro-HOWTO.html

Avanzado

• http://tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/index.html

Netbeans: habilitar las assertions

NetBeans 4.x and 5.x

1. Invoke Properties on the project you are going to debug.
2. Select "Run" property.
3. Insert " -ea " to the "VM Options" field.

Ubuntu: Hacer una imagen iso de un cdrom

To make an ISO from your CD/DVD, place the media in your drive but do not mount it. If it automounts, unmount it.

dd if=/dev/dvd of=dvd.iso # for dvd
dd if=/dev/cdrom of=cd.iso # for cdrom
dd if=/dev/scd0 of=cd.iso # if cdrom is scsi

To make an ISO from files on your hard drive, create a directory which holds the files you want. Then use the mkisofs command.

mkisofs -o /tmp/cd.iso /tmp/directory/

This results in a file called cd.iso in folder /tmp which contains all the files and directories in /tmp/directory/.

MDA Pro: WAP e Internet

Start > Settings > Connections > Connections > Add a new modem connection

1. poner el nombre: WAP
2. Modem > New
1. poner el nombre: WAP ANCEL
2. Cellular line (GPRS, 3G)
3. Access point name: wap
4. username: f
5. password en blanco
6. domain en blanco
7. Finnish
3. Proxy Settins
1. This network connects to the Internet: ok
2. This network uses a proxy server to connect to the Internet: ok
3. Advanced
1. HTTP
1. Server: 200.40.246.2
2. Port: 3128
3. username: f
4. password en blanco
5. domain en blanco
2. WAP
1. Server: 200.40.246.2
2. Port: 9201
3. username: f
4. password en blanco
5. domain en blanco

P2PMPI p2pmpirun script mejorado

#!/bin/bash
# Usage : p2pmpirun -n [-r -l -o] [args]
# -n : number of processes MPI
# -r : number of replica per rank (omit for 1 replica per rank)
# -l : list of input file (omit for transfer only executable file)
# -o : output will be collect in file (omit ouput will be on standard output) [not available]
# : executable file without .class
# args : argument of executable file
#######################################################################################
if [ $# -lt 3 ]; then
echo "Usage : p2pmpirun -n [-r -l -w ] [args]"
echo " -n : number of processes MPI"
echo " -r : number of replica per rank (not needed for 1 replica per rank)"
echo " -l : list of input file (not needed if only the executable file is to be transfered)"
echo " -w : maximum time in seconds to wait for searching nodes"
echo " : executable file without .class"
echo " args : arguments of executable file"
exit 1
fi

jar_files=`ls *.jar 2> /dev/null`
jar_in_current_directory=""

for jar in $jar_files; do
jar_in_current_directory="$jar_in_current_directory:$jar"
done

runCmd=`java -cp ./:$P2PMPI_HOME/p2pmpi.jar:$JXTA_PATH/bcprov-jdk14.jar:$JXTA_PATH/javax.servlet.jar:$JXTA_PATH/log4j.jar:$JXTA_PATH/org.mortbay.jetty.jar:$JXTA_PATH/jaxen-core.jar:$JXTA_PATH/jaxen-jdom.jar:$JXTA_PATH/jdom.jar:$JXTA_PATH/saxpath.jar:$JXTA_PATH/swixml.jar:$JXTA_PATH/jxta.jar:$JXTA_PATH/jxtaext.jar:$CLASSPATH$jar_in_current_directory p2pmpi.tools.MPIArgs $*`
java -cp ./:$P2PMPI_HOME/p2pmpi.jar:$JXTA_PATH/bcprov-jdk14.jar:$JXTA_PATH/javax.servlet.jar:$JXTA_PATH/log4j.jar:$JXTA_PATH/org.mortbay.jetty.jar:$JXTA_PATH/jaxen-core.jar:$JXTA_PATH/jaxen-jdom.jar:$JXTA_PATH/jdom.jar:$JXTA_PATH/saxpath.jar:$JXTA_PATH/swixml.jar:$JXTA_PATH/jxta.jar:$JXTA_PATH/jxtaext.jar:$CLASSPATH$jar_in_current_directory -Xmx512m -DP2PMPI_HOME=$P2PMPI_HOME -Dmode=server $runCmd

CSS: background image stretched to fit window size

Excelente tutorial de como hacer que una background image se estire y se ajuste al tamaño de la pantalla.

Obtenido de:

• http://www.htmlite.com/faq022.php
  

MySQL: restaurar un dump (backup) de una database

mysql -u #username# -p #database# < #dump_file#

Origami: Rose Cube en YouTube

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E2Yr_SIXkVo

Excelente

Bash: buscar archivos de cierta extension y grabarlos en otro archivo

find -iname *.png > pngfiles

Bash: extraer multiples archivos tar

Para extraer múltiples archivos tar (tar.gz o tar.bz2) en un cierto directorio "extracted", se necesito una lista con el nombre de los archivos a extraer, y luego un for para recorrerla e ir haciendo la extracción individual de cada archivo en el directorio "extracted".

Comando:

for a in $(ls *.tar*); do tar -xvzf $a -C extracted; done

P2PMPI: Configuracion de Variables

Editar el archivo .profile del home del usuario y añadir las siguientes entradas:

#P2P-MPI
export P2PMPI_HOME=/home/martin/bin/p2pmpi-0.22.0
export JXTA_PATH=/home/martin/bin/jxta/myjxta-2.4.1/lib
export PATH=$PATH:$P2PMPI_HOME/bin
export CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$P2PMPI_HOME/p2pmpi.jar

Instalar Netbeans y Java (JDK6)

1. Descargar JAVA
2. Extraer el paquete en el directorio donde queremos instalarlo
3. Editar el archivo .profiile del home del usuario (martin)=y añadir las siguientes entradas
   
   directorio donde se instalo java
   export JAVA_HOME='/home/martin/bin/java/jdk1.6.0_02'
   PATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:$PATH
   
   
4. Descargar Netbeans
5. chmod +x netbeans*.bin
6. sudo ./netbeans*.bin
   

Plugin de java para Firefox (Ubuntu)

Post obtenido de:

• http://www.ubuntu-es.org/index.php?q=node/49472

cito:
"

Enviado por mapalma el Dom, 20/05/2007 - 22:41

Primero bajamos el archivo de
http://www.java.com/en/download/linux_manual.jsp

Creamos el subdirectorio
# mkdir /usr/java

movemos el archivo descargado
# mv jre-6u1-linux-i586.bin /usr/java

Lo hacemos ejecutable
# chmod a+x jre-6u1-linux-i586.bin

Comenzamos la instalación aceptando el acuerdo
# ./jre-6u1-linux-i586.bin

Ahora vamos a
# cd /usr/lib/mozilla-firefox/plugins

y creamos un link simbólico
ln -s /usr/java/jre1.6.0_01/plugin/i386/ns7/libjavaplugin_oji.so

Eso es todo.

"

VirtualBox: Como compartir carpetas entre el HOST (Ubuntu) y el Guest (WIndows)

La mejor fuente que encontré para realizar esto fue

• http://tuxpepino.wordpress.com/2007/05/29/virtualbox-windows-en-ubuntu-linux/

Cito el texto del blog que detalla el proceso a seguir para compartir archivos entre el host (ubuntu) y el guest (windows). Muchas gracias a Creative Commons por su excelente manual de VirtualBox.

"

Compartir carpeta entre sistema anfitrión y huésped

Como decía antes, las Guest Additions deben estar instaladas. Vamos a compartir una carpeta. Os aconsejo que en vuestra carpeta personal haya una que sirva de intercambio con otros sistemas (reales o virtuales). Yo por ejemplo la he llamado “compartido“.

Ahora id a “Sistema > Administración > Carpetas compartidas“. Tras meter vuestra clave os preguntará si queréis instalar ciertos paquetes. Decidle que sí, es el soporte para compartir carpetas en redes Linux y redes Windows. Hecho esto, volved a “Sistema > Administración > Carpetas compartidas“. Ahora se abrirá una ventana. Dade a “Añadir“, en ruta buscad la carpeta que vais a compartir (en mi caso /home/ceec/compartido”, y en “Compartir a través de” seleccionad “Redes Windows (SMB)“. La casilla de “Sólo lectura” dejadla habilitada si no queréis que el visitante (o vosotros desde el Windows virtual) pueda copiar/borrar/modificar algo de esa carpeta. Si va a ser de intenrcambio real, deshabilitadlo. Aceptad.

Bien, compartida la carpeta vamos a hacer que nuestro Windows pueda acceder a ella. Para hacerlo tenemos que poner dos comandos, uno en Ubuntu y otro en Windows. Para el primero, abrimos consola y escribimos esto (es una sola línea):

$ sudo VBoxManage sharedfolder add “Wxp” -name “compartido” -hostpath “/home/nombre_tu_cuenta/compartido”

Tenéis que conservar las comillas dobles. “Wxp” es el nombre que le hemos dado a la máquina virtual, ha de ser exactamente igual, incluyendo mayúsculas y minúsculas. “compartido” es el nombre que recibirá el recurso compartido (valga la rebuznancia). Y la ruta final es la de la carpeta compartida.

Eso por la parte que le toca a Ubuntu. Ahora vamos a hacer que Windows pueda conectar con esa carpeta. Abrimos una consola de Windows (tecla_win+r, cmd, enter) y escribimos lo siguiente:

net use Z: \\vboxsvr\compartido

Te debe responder: “Se ha completado el comando correctamente“. En vez de Z, puedes usar otra letra, pero ha de ser una que no esté tomada por otra unidad. Ahora si vas a “Mi PC” verás que puedes acceder ya a dicha carpeta. Puedes hacer esto con tantas como quieras, aunque personalmente soy de la opinión de usar sólo una y simplemente muevo/copio los archivos a esa.

"

Virtual Box, Configurar un bridge entre interfaz NO inalámbrica e interfaz virtual.

Para lograr crear este tipo de bridges, se siguieron las siguientes guías:

• http://www.virtualbox.org/discussion/1/141
• http://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Automatic_Bridge_Ubuntu

Me basé Principalmente la primer guía. Cito a continuación su contenido:

"

I have a "typical" production requirement. My linux host needs a static IP address. I also have a linux guest that needs a different IP address in the same subnet on the same ethernet interface.

I managed to get my system working using the instructions in the VirtualBox User Manual, but needed automatic configuration when the host system boots. I found so much confusing information around that I thought it would be useful to document what I did (and why it works). This guide applies to Ubuntu Dapper 6.06 LTS, but will probably apply to later releases and other Debian distributions.

The network interface drivers are loaded early in the boot process. Further configuration takes place under the control of /etc/rcS.d/S40networking, which uses the /etc/network/interfaces control file.

You need to have installed both the uml-utils and bridge-utils packages before you start.

The key concept is that you will create an internal (virtual) ethernet bridge on your host operating system. The only external interface on this bridge will be the real ethernet card on the machine. We will also define a TAP (virtual) interface on the bridge to be used by the guest machine. The host operating system does NOT need to know how this interface will be used.

I assume both the host and the guest machines need to access the external network, each using their own unique IP addresses.

1. Configure the real ethernet interface

You have probably already configured the real ethernet interface during installation of the host linux system. This is no longer required. Edit the /etc/network/interfaces file and change the relevant section (mine is eth0) as follows :

auto eth0

iface eth0 inet manual

This section says the eth0 interface is to be brought up automatically during system boot (and also with ifup -a), but the interface is NOT to be configured further.

2. Define a TAP interface to be used by the guest virtual machine

I decided my production virtual guest should always have its own virtual network adapter which is setup when the host system boots. It is defined by adding a new section to /etc/network/interfaces :

auto tap1

iface tap1 inet manual

tunctl_user brian

The name of this interface MUST match the Host Interface Name of the virtual adapter for the virtual machine.

It is not configured in the host system, because the guest operating system will configure the interface when it boots... either with static values or from a DHCP server.

The TAP interface will be created when the host system boots and it MUST be associated with a valid HOST username that the guest virtual machine will run under. It MUST also be a member of the uml-net group.

The tunctl_user attribute is processed by the /etc/network/if-up.d/uml-utilities script.

3. Define the ethernet bridge

The definitions in /etc/network/interfaces are processed in physical order. This means you MUST define the bridge AFTER the interfaces that will be associated with the bridge. Add a new section to the file something like this:

auto bridge0

iface bridge0 inet static

address 10.1.100.101

netmask 255.255.255.0

broadcast 10.1.100.255

gateway 10.1.100.1

bridge-ports eth0 tap1

bridge-ageing 7200

bridge-fd 0

The first few statements assign a meaningful static IP configuration to the external interface of the bridge. This ensures the bridge knows how to communicate with other hosts on the same local LAN. The gateway statement ensures the bridge can route messages to the rest of the network. (If you don't have a "production" environment, you could use "iface bridge inet dhcp" instead to get the interface automatically configured by a DHCP server.)

The following three bridge-* statements are processed by the script /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/uml-utilities. The external (real) and the TAP interfaces are both added to the bridge. This means the virtual machine will be able to communicate with the external network via the local LAN.

I set bridge-aging (equivalent to "brctl setageing") to 2 hours because only my virtual machines use the bridge and I do not expect them to change very much. I also set the forward delay to zero because I want to be sure the host and VM's get their messages sent quickly soon after they boot.

This bridge configuration will automatically create two IP routes on the host - one for the local LAN subnet and the other for a default route to the local gateway router. Both these routes are via the bridge. With this kind of setup, no explicit routes are required.

4. Testing

The new TAP interface can be brought up with "sudo ifup [-v] tap1" and down again with "sudo ifdown tap1". Verify it is UP without ANY IPv4 configuration using "ifconfig tap1".

The best way to reset the ethernet interface is with "sudo ifdown eth0" and "sudo ifup eth0". However, this might not work properly if your interface has been previously configured for IP. You can also try resetting it with "sudo ifconfig eth0 0.0.0.0 down", but I've not been able to get rid of an unwanted netmask (as others have suggested) by assigning all zeros. If "ifconfig eth0" still shows residual IPv4 configuration, you might need to reboot so the new /etc/network/interfaces becomes active.

You can bring up the bridge manually with "sudo ifup [-v] bridge0". You can verify your configuration with "ifconfig bridge0", "sudo brctl show bridge0" and "netstat -r". You should be able to access your local LAN and the rest of the external network from the host operating system.

Next, boot your virtual machine and use it's operating system tools to configure the virtual network interface. The VM should have access to the external network via the bridge.

Finally, shutdown and reboot the host. Confirm your bridge configuration is still as expected.

5. Other configurations

I haven't tested any other configurations, such as using DHCP for the bridge interface, or wireless 802.11 for the real network interface. However, I hope my procedure makes enough sense for you to adapt it to these other situations.

brianb

02/17/07 18:02:40
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Virtual Box, Configurar un bridge entre interfaz inalámbrica y interfaz virtual

Para hacer esto se siguieron los comandos descritos en la siguiente página web:

• http://www.ubuntu-es.org/index.php?q=node/51037

resumidos los mismos serían:

1. Ejecutar los siguientes comandos:
sudo aptitude install parprouted uml-utilities
sudo -i
chown root:vboxusers /dev/net/tun
tunctl -t tap1 -u usuario // Cambiar usuario por el nombre de tu usuario
ip link set tap1 up
ip addr add IP dev tap1 // Cambiar IP por la IP que ya asignamos al HOST (Ubuntu en este caso). Ej.: 192.168.1.4
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/tap1/proxy_arp
parprouted eth0 tap1 // Sustituir eth0 por eth1, wlan0 etc. según cual sea la interface wireless

2. Iniciar VirtualBox e ir a "Network". En "Attached to" seleccionar "Host Interface" , y en Interface Name poner "tap1" (sin las comillas)

3. Guardar y salir de VirtualBox

4. Arrancar nuevamente VirtualBox

5. Cuando windows (el GUEST) haya iniciado completamente, asignarle una IP esática a la interfaz de red virtual, distinta a la que tiene el HOST (Ubuntu).

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